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* Fix segmentation fault in ray tracing parameter consolidation. (#7997)Copilot2025-07-31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Initial plan * Fix segfault in ray tracing parameter consolidation Co-authored-by: csyonghe <2652293+csyonghe@users.noreply.github.com> * Fix. * Fix. * Keep entrypoint param layout consistent during `MoveEntryPointUniformParametersToGlobalScope`. * Fix. * fix. * Fix. * Fix pending layout handling. --------- Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: csyonghe <2652293+csyonghe@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Yong He <yonghe@outlook.com>
* Feature/initialize list side branch (#6058)kaizhangNV2025-02-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * SP004: implement initialize list translation to ctor - We synthesize a member-wise constructor for each struct follow the rules described in SP004. - Add logic to translate the initialize list to constructor invoke - Add cuda-host decoration for the synthesized constructor - Remove the default constructor when we have a valid member init constructor - Disable -zero-initialize option, will re-implement it in followup (#6109). - Fix the overload lookup issue When creating invoke expression for ctor, we need to call ResolveInvoke() to find us the best candidates, however the existing lookup logic could find us the base constructor for child struct, we should eliminate this case by providing the LookupOptions::IgnoreInheritance to lookup, this requires us to create a subcontext on SemanticsVisitor to indicate that we only want to use this option on looking the constructor. - Do not implicit initialize a struct that doesn't have explicit default constructor. Co-authored-by: slangbot <186143334+slangbot@users.noreply.github.com>
* Warn when inout parameter is never written (#4777)venkataram-nv2024-08-12
| | | | | | | Addresses #4698 as one approach to diagnose the potential problem. Emit warnings when a user marks a parameter as `inout` but never writes to it in the function. A new intrinsic function `unmodified(out T)` has been added to explicitly indicate that an `inout` variable will not be modified in the function. This is only one way to address the specific validation error in #4698. In general it seems that DXC does some more extensive checks on actual struct fields (as opposed to observing arbitrary struct writes), so that will be the next step.
* Capability System: Implicit capability upgrade warning/error (#4241)ArielG-NV2024-06-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * capability upgrade warning/error adjusted implementation + tests to support a warning/error if capabilities are implicitly upgraded and test accordingly. * add glsl profile caps * add GLSL and HLSL capabilities to the associated capability * syntax error in capdef * only error if user explicitly enables capabilities 1. changed testing infrastructure to not set a `profile` explicitly, 2. Added tests to be sure this works as intended with user API and with slangc command line * Change capability atom definitions and how Slang manages them to fix errors 1. most `glsl_spirv` version atoms have been removed from `.capdef`, instead we will translate `spirv` version atoms into `glsl_spirv` since there is no point in writing the same code twice in `.capdef` files to define `spirv` versions. 2. add spirv version, and hlsl sm version (and equivlent) capability dependencies 3. removed some stage requirments which were set on objects, keep the wrapper capabilities. I am keeping the wrapper capabilities since I am unaware on if there are stage limitations (spec says code in practice does not work). * check internal version instead of version profile (_spirv_1_5 vs. spirv_1_5) * remove unused OpCapability. adjust SPIRV version'ing again for glsl_spirv * apply workaround for glslang bug with rayquery usage * ensure capabilities targetted by a profile and added together by a user are valid * remove additions to `spirv_1_*` wrapper * spirv_* -> glsl_spirv fix * fix bug where incompatable profiles would cause invalid target caps * try to avoid joining invalid capabilities * fix the warning/error & printing * run through tests to fix capability system and test mistakes many mistakes were mesh shaders doing `-profile glsl_450+spirv_1_4`. This is not allowed for a few reasons 1. the test tooling does not handle arguments the same as `slangc` 2. glsl_450 core profile does not support mesh shaders, nor does spirv_1_4. sm_6_5 does work in this senario * set some sm_4_1 intrinsics to sm_4_0 * replace `GLSL_` defs with `glsl_` * swap the unsupported render-test syntax for working syntax * set d3d11/d3d12 profile defaults this is required since sm version changes compiled code & behavior * adjusted nvapi capabilities with atomics + d3d11 set to use sm_5_0 as per default * cleanup * address review * incorrect styling * change `bitscanForward` to work as intended on 32 bit targets --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yonghe@outlook.com>
* Proper lowering of functiosn that returns NonCopyable values. (#3179)Yong He2023-09-03
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Proper lowering of functiosn that returns NonCopyable values. * Fix tests. * Fix clang errors. * Fix. * Fix clang error. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Compile append and consume structured buffers to glsl. (#3142)Yong He2023-08-21
| | | | | | | | | | | * Compile append and consume structured buffers to glsl. * Fix. * Update CI config. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Add warning on mutation of function parameter (#3067)Theresa Foley2023-08-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By default, function parameters in HLSL are mutable, but any changes to a parameter do not affect the values of the arguments after a call: void f(int a) { a++; // allowed, but kind of useless } ... int b = 0; f(b); // b is still zero Because the above behavior is a part of HLSL, we cannot easily diagnose such cases as errors without breaking backward compatibility with existing code. This change makes it an error to invoke a `[mutating]` method on a function parameter, which cannot affect backward compatibility since the notion of `[mutating]` methods is not present in existing HLSL code: struct Counter { int _state; [mutating] void increment() { _state++; } } void f(Counter a) { a.increment(); // ERROR } ... Counter b = { 0 }; f(b); // b is still zero The compiler will also diagnose calls to `[mutating]` methods on a field or array element extracted out of a function parameter. This change does not affect code that directly mutates a function parameter via assignment, or via passing the parameter onward as an argument to an `out` or `inout` call (or, equivalently, as the left-hand operand to a compound assignment operator). This is a breaking change to existing Slang code, since it could diagnose an error on code that used to be allowed. Indeed, two tests in the Slang test suite had to be updated to avoid such errors. It would be possible to turn this diagnostic into a warning, and simply encourage users to enable it as an error. On balance, though, it seems best to not allow this idiom since it has such a high probability to be an error. Note: the specific case that motivated this change is use of `RayQuery` values as function parameters. The root of the problem there is that dxc treats `RayQuery` values as copyable handles to mutable state, while Slang prefers to capture the mutation that occurs through marking the appropriate methods as `[mutating]`. The Slang approach makes portable codegen for D3D/Vulkan simpler, but requires that we *also* treat a type like `RayQuery` as non-copyable. This change does not address the problem that the Slang compiler does not enforce the requirement that values of non-copyable types do not get copied. Instead, the diagnostic here just happens to issue a diagnostic in one important case where a copy would typically occur. Co-authored-by: Yong He <yonghe@outlook.com>
* Fixes for Shader Execution Reordering on VK (#2929)Theresa Foley2023-06-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Fixes for Shader Execution Reordering on VK There are some mismatches between the way that hit objects are handled between the current NVAPI/HLSL and proposed GLSL extensions for shader execution reordering. These mismatches create complications for generating valid GLSL/SPIR-V code from input Slang. Many of the problems that apply to `HitObject` also apply to the existing `RayQuery<>` type used for "inline" ray tracing. In the case of `RayQuery<>` we have that for *both* HLSL and GLSL/SPIR-V: * A `RayQuery` (or `rayQueryEXT`) is an opaque handle to underlying mutable storage * The storage that backs a `RayQuery` is allocated as part of the "defualt constructor" for a local variable declared with type `RayQuery`. * The `RayQuery` API provides numerous operations that mutate the storage referred to by the opaque handle. The key difference between HLSL and GLSL/SPIR-V for the case of a `RayQuery` amounts to: * In HLSL, local variables of type `RayQuery` can be assigned to, and assignment has by-reference semantics. It is possible to create multiple aliased handles to the same underlying storage. * In GLSL/SPIR-V, local variables of type `rayQueryEXT` cannot be assigned to, returned from functions, etc. It is impossible to create multiple aliased handles to the same underlying storage. The case for `HitObject`s is signicantly *more* messy, because: * In NVAPI/HLSL a `HitObject` is effectively a "value type" in that it only exposes constructors, and there is no way to mutate the state of a `HitObject` other than by assignment to a variable of that type. It makes no semantic difference whether a `HitObject` directly stores the value(s), or if it is a handle, since there is no way to introduce aliasing of mutable state. Assignment of `HitObject`s semantically creates a copy. * In GLSL/SPIR-V, a `hitObjectNV` is, like a `rayQueryEXT`, a handle to underlying mutable state. These handles cannot be assigned, returned from functions, etc. There is no way to make a copy of a hit object. This change includes several changes to how *both* `RayQuery<>` and `HitObject` are implemented, with the intention of getting more cases to work correctly when compiling for GLSL/SPIR-V, and to set up a more clear mental model for the semantics we want to give to these types in Slang, and how those semantics can/should map to our targets. An overview of important changes: * Marked a few operations on `RayQuery` as `[mutating]` that realistically should have already been that way. * Marked the `HitObject` type as being non-copyable (an attribute we do not currently enforce), and marked the various GLSL operations that construct a hit object as having an `out` parameter of the `HitObject` type (even if they are nominally specified in GLSL as not writing to the correspondign parameter). * Added a distinct IR opcode (`allocateOpaqueHandle`) to represent the implicit allocation that happens when declaring a variable of type `HitObject` or `RayQuery`, and made the "implicit constructor" for those types map to the new op. This operation took a lot of tweaking to get emitting in a reasonable way, and I'm still not 100% sure that all of the emission-related logic for it is strictly required (or correct). * Added new IR instructions for `HitObject` and `RayQuery` types, and made the stdlib types map to those IR instructions. * Treat `HitObject` and `RayQuery` as resource types for the purpose of our existing pass that specializes calls to functions that have outputs of resource type * Added a new test case that includes a function that returns a `HitObject` as its result. * Many test cases saw slight changes in their output (especially around the relative ordering of declarations of `HitObject`s and `RayQuery`s with other instructions) * Remove debugging logic
* Preserve type cast during AST constant folding. (#2912)Yong He2023-05-31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Preserve type cast during AST constant folding. Fixes #2891. * Fix. * Fix truncating. * fix test. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Fix function side-effectness prop logic. (#2875)Yong He2023-05-09
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* Various dxc/fxc compatibility fixes. (#2863)Yong He2023-05-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | * Various dxc/fxc compatibility fixes. * Cleanup. * Fix test cases. * Fix comments. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Fix Phi simplification bug. (#2710)Yong He2023-03-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Fix Phi simplification bug. * Fix up. * Fix. * Fix. * Fix. * Fix. * Fix. * Fix test. * Fix test. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* More control flow simplifications. (#2673)Yong He2023-02-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * More control flow and Phi param simplifications. * Fix. * Fix gcc error. * Fix. * More IR cleanup. * Fix bug in phi param dce + ifelse simplify. * Propagate and DCE side-effect-free functions. * Enhance CFG simplifcation to remove loops with no side effects. * Fix. * Fixes. * Fix tests. Add [__AlwaysFoldIntoUseSite] for rayPayloadLocation. * More cleanup. * Fixes. * Fix. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Add Loop Unrolling Pass. (#2644)Yong He2023-02-13
| | | Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Arithmetic simplifications and more IR clean up logic. (#2632)Yong He2023-02-07
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* Register allocation during phi elimination. (#2613)Yong He2023-01-27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Register allocation during phi elimination. * Enhance the test case. * Cleanup line breaks in test case. * remove unncessary line break changes. * More cleanups. --------- Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Reimplement address elimination. (#2605)Yong He2023-01-24
| | | | | | | | | * Reimplement address elimination pass. * Fix error. * Update test references. Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Small IR cleanups. (#2441)Yong He2022-10-11
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* Warning on lossy implicit casts. (#2367)Yong He2022-08-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Warning on bool to float conversion. * Fix test cases. * Improve. * LanguageServer: don't show constant value for non constant variables. * Fix tests. * Fix warnings in tests. Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Fixed the implementation of RayQuery flags passed through the generic ↵Alexey Panteleev2022-04-25
| | | | | parameter on GLSL. (#2207) Improved the trace-ray-inline test to check that the flag is not ignored anymore.
* Various gfx fixes. (#2132)Yong He2022-02-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Various gfx fixes. * Fix test case. * Fix crash. * Trigger build * Trigger build 2 * Fix vulkan unit tests. Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
* Work to mitigate SPIR-V bloat (#1914)Theresa Foley2021-07-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Work to mitigate SPIR-V bloat SPIR-V is not an especially compact format, but some patterns in how Slang generates code and then runs it through `spirv-opt` lead to many redundant field-by-field copy operations being emitted. This change attempts to address some of the resulting bloat from the Slang side of things. Note: experimentation shows that the bloat is less pronounced when running either *no* SPIR-V optimizations or *full* SPIR-V optimizations, so it is also likely that the bloat should be addressed by changing which `spirv-opt` passes the Slang compiler runs in default (`-O1`) builds. Such changes should come as a distinct pull request. This change primarily does two things: First, the code generation strategy for passing arguments to `out` and `inout` parameters has been changed. In the past, the compiler would *always* copy the argument value into a temporary, then pass the address of the temporary, and then write back the value after the call. The new code generation strategy attempts to identify when an argument value already has a simple address in memory and passes that address directly when possible. This eliminates many copy operations that occur before/after calls to functions with `out`/`inout` parameters. Second, we introduce an IR optimization pass that detects call sites where the entire contents of a buffer (usually a constant buffer) is being passed to a callee function, such that many bytes are loaded and then passed even if only very few are used in the callee. The pass moves the load operations from the caller to a specialized version of the the callee where possible (e.g., when the constant buffer in question is a global shader parameter). Doing this eliminates another major category of copies. Notes: * The IR lowering logic is complicated by the fact that several kinds of l-values (values that are usable as the desitnation of assignment, or for `out`/`inout` arguments) are not actually addressable. An easy example is a non-contiguous swizzle like `v.xwz` on a `float4`, where the value occupies 12 bytes, but not 12 consecutive bytes with a single address. There are many more corner cases like that and the IR lowering pass carries a lot of complexity to deal with them. A more systematic overhaul is due some time soon. * The IR representation of `out` and `inout` parameters deserves some careful scrutiny when making these kinds of changes. The official semantics of `inout` in HLSL has been "copy in copy out" (and `out` is just "copy out") which is observably different from any solution that passes in the address of an l-value directly. By making this change we are saying that Slang's semantics are not precisely those of legacy HLSL, and that our semantics for `inout` parameters are closer to those of `inout` in Swift or of a mutable borrow in Rust. In the Swift case the implementation can freely pass the underlying storage of an l-value or the address of a temporary, and valid programs may not observe the different. It is thus illegal to observe the value in a storage local while a mutation to that location is "in flight." All of this is way more detailed and technical than 99% of Slang users will ever care about, but importantly it gives us semantic cover to eliminate these copies in the IR, and also to emit output C++ code that implements `out` and `inout` as by-reference parameter passing. * There was an exsting generic pass for specializing functions based on call sites that uses a "template method" style of pattern to customize its behavior. That pass needed to be generalized to handle this use case because it had previously operated on the assumption that the "desire" to specialize a callee function must be driven by the parameter declarations of that function, and not on the argument values passed in. The code has been slightly refactored to allow the policy for specialization to consider both parameters and arguments. * Unsurprisingly, a bunch of the GLSL (and thus SPIR-V) generated has changed with this work, so several baseline `.slang.glsl` files needed to be updated. * This change is incomplete in that it does not address broader cases of buffer loads, including both partial loads from constant buffers (just loading one field, but a field that uses a "large" structure type), and loads from multi-element buffers (a lot from a structured buffer where the element type is "large"). The main question in each of those cases is how to define how "large" a structure needs to be before we decide to try and sink loads into callee functions like this. In the worst case, sinking loads in this way may actually create *more* memory traffic (because the same values get loaded in multiple callee functions). * fixup: run premake * fixup: typo
* Fix the "acceleration structure in compute" bug for GL_NV_ray_tracing too ↵Tim Foley2021-03-16
| | | | | | | | (#1759) A recent change broke code that uses `RayTracingAccelerationStructure` in non-RT shader stages for Vulkan/GLSL when also *not* doing any ray tracing in the shader code. A recent fix patched that up for code using `GL_EXT_ray_tracing` and/or `GL_EXT_ray_query`, but that fix didn't apply on the path that uses `GL_NV_ray_tracing` via an opt-in. This change fixes that gap and checks in a test for it.
* Fix handling of RT accelerations structures for non-RT stages (#1753)Tim Foley2021-03-15
| | | | | | | | | * Fix handling of RT accelerations structures for non-RT stages The recent change that added support for the `GL_EXT_ray_query` extension made is so that a shader that declares a `RaytracingAccelerationStructure` as an input to a non-RT shader stage but then never *uses* it wouldn't enable any RT extension, resulting in a compilation failure in glslang. This change reverts that behavior so that such shaders enable `GL_EXT_ray_tracing`, since that is the older of the two RT extensions that introduce `accelerationStructureEXT`. It is possible that we will need to revisit this decision based on which of the two extensions ends up being more broadly supported, but I think that right now it is fair to say that there exist drivers that support `GL_EXT_ray_tracing` but not `GL_EXT_ray_query`, so the former is the better default. * fixup: failing test
* Add Vulkan/SPIR-V support for TraceRayInline() (#1737)Tim Foley2021-03-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For the most part, this translation is straightforward because the `GL_EXT_ray_query` extension is well aligned with the DXR 1.1 `RayQuery` feature. Many function map one-to-one from one extension to the other. A few notable details: * The equivalent of the `RayQuery<Flags>` type is non-generic in GLSL, and the GLSL path previously didn't have support for trying to look up an intrinsic type name on an IR type declaration, so that required some tweaks to the emit logic. * All the GLSL functions are free functions instead of member functions, but our IR doesn't recognize that distinction anyway * The main `TraceRayInline()` call is the one that took the most tweaking, just because it takes a `RayDesc` structure for D3D/HLSL but takes individual vector sand scalars for VK/GLSL. The approach here is a standard one for how we manage this stuff in the stdlib (and I wanted to avoid adding even more `$` magic for intrinsics). * For several other calls, the HLSL API had distinct `Candidate***()` and `Committed***()` calls that return information about a candidate hit vs. the one committed into the query. In contrast, the GLSL API uses a single call that takes an additional "must be compile-time constant" `bool` parameter to select between the two behaviors. This is even the case for one call that basically returns a value of a different `enum` type depending on the state of that `bool`. The D3D API model here seems almost strictly better and I have no idea why the GLSL extension was defined this way. * Because both the `GL_EXT_ray_query` and `GL_EXT_ray_tracing` extensions declare the `accelerationStructureEXT` type, we can no longer infer what extension is supposed to be used based only on the presene of such a type. The logic right now is a bit slippery, because in theory a program that declares an acceleration structure but never traces into it could end up getting a compilation error now. We will have to see if that corner case comes up in practice. :( The one big detail that is looming after doing this work is that both the HLSL and GLSL exposures of ray queries are extremely "slippery" about the actual identity of queries (e.g., when is one query a copy of another, vs. just being a new variable that references the existing query). Somehow queries get their identity from the original declaration, and as such our "default constructor" approach to them seems semanticay correct, but the whole thing is kind of slippery at a foundational level and I don't know how to fix it with the API as defined. Oh well; just something to keep an eye on. Co-authored-by: Yong He <yonghe@outlook.com>
* Fix issue when passing ray query to a subroutine (#1680)Tim Foley2021-01-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The problem would manifest for any code that declared a DXR 1.1 `RayQuery` value, but then only used it as one location in their code. The most common way for this to arise in user code was declaring a `RayQuery` and then handing it off to a helper/worker subroutine. RayQuery<0> myRayQuery; helperRoutine(myRayQuery, ...); The root cause was in the emit logic, where the initialization of `myRayQuery` above (a `defaultConstruct` operation in our IR) was getting folded into its (only) use site. This folding makes some sense, because the initialization of a ray query is not an operation with side effects, but doesn't work in practice because our way of handling default construction in HLSL output is by using a variable declaration. The simple fix here is to ensure that `defaultConstruct` instructions never get folded into use sites. If we decide to revisit the logic here, it might be possible to separate out the case where a `defaultConstruct` is being used as a stand-alone instruction, where we can emit it as: RayQuery<0> myRayQuery; versus cases where the `defaultConstruct` is being used as a sub-expression, such as: helperRoutine(RayQuery<0>(), ...); Whether or not we can emit the latter form (or if it would be equivalent) depends on details of how constructors like this are being implemented in dxc. For now it seems safest to emit things in a form that is obviously expected to work. Aside: Historically, the HLSL language has had no notion of "constructors" as being a thing. A variable that is declared but not initialized in HLSL has always been left uninitialized, since the first version of the language. The `RayQuery` type in DXR 1.1 is the first example of a type that appears to have a C++-style "default constructor," although HLSL as implemented by dxc still does not expose constructors as a user-visible or documented feature. (There is the small detail that the DXR 1.0 `HitGroup` type also relied on C++ constructor syntax, but I'm not aware of anybody using that feature right now, so it is mostly a curiosity.)
* Disable OptiX tests by default. (#1331)Tim Foley2020-04-22
| | | | | When running `slang-test`, the OptiX tests will be skipped by default for now, and must be explicitly enabled by adding `-category optix` on the command line. I will need to add a better discovery mechanism down the line, closer to how support for different graphics APIs is being tested, but for now this should be enough to unblock our CI builds.
* Add support for global shader parameters to OptiX path (#1323)Tim Foley2020-04-17
There are two main pieces here. First, we specialize the code generaiton for CUDA kernels to account for the way that shader parameters are passed differently for ordinary compute kernels vs. ray-tracing kernels. Both global and entry-point shader parameters in Slang are translated to kernel function parameters for CUDA compute kernels, while for OptiX ray tracing kernels we need to use a global `__constant__` variable for the global parameters, and the SBT data (accessed via an OptiX API function) for entry-point shader parameters. This choice bakes in a few pieces of policy when it comes to how Slang ray-tracing shaders translate to OptiX: * It fixes the name used for the global `__constant__` variable for global shader parameters to be `SLANG_globalParams`. Since that name has to be specified when creating a pipeline with the OptiX API, the choice of name effectively becomes an ABI contract for Slang's code generation. * It fixes the choice that global parameters in Slang map to per-launch parameters in OptiX, and entry-point parameters in Slang map to SBT-backed parameters in OptiX. This is a reasonable policy, and it is also one that we are likely to need to codify for Vulkan as well, but it is always a bit unfortunate to bake policy choices like this into the compiler (especially when shaders compiled for D3D can often decouple the form of their HLSL/Slang code from how things are bound in the API). The second piece is a lot of refactoring of the logic in `render-test/cuda/cuda-compute-util.cpp`, so that the logic for setting up (and reading back) the buffers of parameter data can be shared between the compute and ray-tracing paths. The result may not be a true global optimum for how the code is organized, but it at least serves the goal of not duplicating the parameter-binding logic between compute and ray-tracing.