Proper lowering of functiosn that returns NonCopyable values. (#3179)

* Proper lowering of functiosn that returns NonCopyable values.

* Fix tests.

* Fix clang errors.

* Fix.

* Fix clang error.

---------

Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>

11 files changed, 110 insertions, 66 deletions

diff --git a/tests/bindings/hlsl-to-vulkan-shift-rw-structured.hlsl b/tests/bindings/hlsl-to-vulkan-shift-rw-structured.hlsl
index 2fcbdf77c..17d2036e7 100644
--- a/tests/bindings/hlsl-to-vulkan-shift-rw-structured.hlsl
+++ b/tests/bindings/hlsl-to-vulkan-shift-rw-structured.hlsl
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 //TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=CHECK):-target glsl -profile glsl_450 -entry MainCs -stage compute  -fvk-b-shift 0 0 -fvk-s-shift 14 0 -fvk-t-shift 30 0 -fvk-u-shift 158 0
 
 
-// CHECK: layout(std430, binding = 159) buffer  
-// CHECK: } g_ByteBuffer
+// CHECK-DAG: layout(std430, binding = 159) buffer  
+// CHECK-DAG: } g_ByteBuffer
 
-// CHECK: layout(std430, binding = 158) buffer  
+// CHECK-DAG: layout(std430, binding = 158) buffer  
 
 RWStructuredBuffer<uint> g_OutputCullBits;
 RWByteAddressBuffer g_ByteBuffer;
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-assign.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-assign.slang
index 7f5be6243..49fef7a4c 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-assign.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-assign.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-assign.slang
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile glsl_460+GL_EXT_ray_tracing -O0 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile glsl_460+GL_EXT_ray_tracing -O0 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST:COMPARE_COMPUTE_EX:-slang -compute -dx12 -output-using-type -profile sm_6_5 -nvapi-slot u0 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 //TEST_INPUT:ubuffer(data=[0 0 0 0 0], stride=4):out,name=outputBuffer
 RWStructuredBuffer<uint> outputBuffer;
 
+// SPIRV: OpHitObjectRecordMissNV
+// SPIRV: OpHitObjectIsMissNV
+
 void rayGenerationMain()
 {    
     int2 launchID = int2(DispatchRaysIndex().xy);
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-hit.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-hit.slang
index e38b29446..8fea9cf67 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-hit.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-hit.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-make-hit.slang
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -18,8 +18,16 @@ struct SomeValues
     float b;
 };
 
+
 uint calcValue(HitObject hit)
 {
+    // SPIRV-DAG: OpHitObjectIsHitNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectGetInstanceCustomIndexNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectGetInstanceIdNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectGetGeometryIndexNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectGetPrimitiveIndexNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectGetHitKindNV
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectIsMissNV
     uint r = 0;
     
     if (hit.IsHit())
@@ -72,6 +80,7 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
 
     uint r = 0;
     {
+        // SPIRV-DAG: OpHitObjectRecordHitNV
         HitObject hit = HitObject::MakeHit(0, scene, idx, idx * 2, idx * 3, hitKind, ray, someValues);
         
         r = calcValue(hit);
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-miss.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-miss.slang
index 421063987..9aea89573 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-miss.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-miss.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-make-miss.slang
 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry computeMain -stage compute -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry computeMain -stage compute -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST:COMPARE_COMPUTE_EX:-slang -compute -dx12 -output-using-type -profile sm_6_5 -nvapi-slot u0 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
@@ -10,19 +10,19 @@
 //TEST_INPUT:ubuffer(data=[0 0 0 0 0], stride=4):out,name=outputBuffer
 RWStructuredBuffer<uint> outputBuffer;
 
-[numthreads(4, 1, 1)]
-void computeMain(uint3 dispatchThreadID : SV_DispatchThreadID)
-{    
-    int idx = int(dispatchThreadID.x);
+void rayGenerationMain()
+{
+    int idx = DispatchRaysIndex().x;
 
     RayDesc ray;  
     ray.Origin = float3(idx, 0, 0);
     ray.TMin = 0.01f;
     ray.Direction = float3(0, 1, 0);
     ray.TMax = 1e4f;
-    
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectRecordMissNV
     HitObject hit = HitObject::MakeMiss(idx, ray);
-    
+
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectIsMissNV
     int r = int(hit.IsMiss());
     
     outputBuffer[idx] = r;
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-nop.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-nop.slang
index b1d72c47e..e8c88e1ad 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-nop.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-make-nop.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-make-nop.slang
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
 
     int idx = launchID.x;
 
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectRecordEmptyNV
     HitObject hit = HitObject::MakeNop();
     
     outputBuffer[idx] = uint(hit.IsNop());
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-output.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-output.slang
index e8afaf217..e06e63693 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-output.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-output.slang
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // as function results (including `out` parameters)
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ HitObject myTraceRay(uint idx)
     uint multiplierForGeometryContributionToHitGroupIndex = 4;
     uint missShaderIndex = 0;
 
-    HitObject hit = HitObject::TraceRay(scene,
+    // SPIRV-DAG: OpHitObjectTraceRayNV
+    return HitObject::TraceRay(scene,
         rayFlags, 
         instanceInclusionMask, 
         rayContributionToHitGroupIndex, 
@@ -65,8 +66,6 @@ HitObject myTraceRay(uint idx)
         missShaderIndex, 
         ray, 
         payload);
-
-    return hit;
 }
 
 void copyHitObjectHandle(
@@ -94,16 +93,20 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
 
     accumulate(r, hit);
 
+#if 0 // cannot support this right now
     HitObject hit2;
     copyHitObjectHandle(hit2, hit);
 
     accumulate(r, hit2);
+#else
+    accumulate(r, hit);
+
+#endif
 
-    HitObject hitBackup = hit;
     myMakeMiss(idx, hit);
 
     accumulate(r, hit);
-    accumulate(r, hitBackup);
+    accumulate(r, hit);
 
     outputBuffer[idx] = r;
 }
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-reorder-thread.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-reorder-thread.slang
index ed83b8d47..8498b9304 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-reorder-thread.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-reorder-thread.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-reorder-thread.slang
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_5 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
     uint multiplierForGeometryContributionToHitGroupIndex = 4;
     uint missShaderIndex = 0;
 
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectTraceRayNV
     HitObject hit = HitObject::TraceRay(scene, 
         rayFlags, 
         instanceInclusionMask, 
@@ -70,42 +71,47 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
         missShaderIndex, 
         ray, 
         someValues);
-    
+
     uint r = calcValue(hit);
-    
+    // SPIRV: OpReorderThreadWithHitObjectNV
     ReorderThread( hit );
     
     // Change the payload
     SomeValues otherValues = { idx * -1, idx * 4.0f };
-    
+
     // Now Invoke to cast another ray, with the new payload
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectExecuteShaderNV
     HitObject::Invoke( scene, hit, otherValues );
     
     r += calcValue(hit);
   
     // !!! TODO(JS) !!!
     // NOTE! If I enable this I end up with a recursive failure in AST traversal, if 
-    // otherValues is redefined. 
-    
-    // Reorder 
+    // otherValues is redefined.
+
+    // Reorder
+    // SPIRV: OpReorderThreadWithHitObjectNV
     ReorderThread(hit, uint(idx & 3), 2);
 
     
     // Change the payload
     otherValues = { idx * -2, idx * 8.0f };
-    
+
     // Now Invoke to cast another ray, with the new payload
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectExecuteShaderNV
     HitObject::Invoke( scene, hit, otherValues );
     
     r += calcValue(hit);
 
-    // Reorder 
+    // Reorder
+    // SPIRV: OpReorderThreadWithHintNV
     ReorderThread(uint(idx & 1), 1);
     
     // Change the payload
     otherValues = { idx * -4, idx * 16.0f };
-    
+
     // Now Invoke to cast another ray, with the new payload
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectExecuteShaderNV
     HitObject::Invoke( scene, hit, otherValues );
     
     r += calcValue(hit);
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-motion-ray.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-motion-ray.slang
index f57ecf02a..4e8d52e10 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-motion-ray.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-motion-ray.slang
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 // Motion rays not supported on HLSL impl currently
 //DISABLE_TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_6 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
     uint rayContributionToHitGroupIndex = 0;
     uint multiplierForGeometryContributionToHitGroupIndex = 4;
     uint missShaderIndex = 0;
-
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectTraceRayMotionNV
     HitObject hit = HitObject::TraceMotionRay(scene, 
         rayFlags, 
         instanceInclusionMask, 
diff --git a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-ray.slang b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-ray.slang
index 63ae4c957..c1a29d647 100644
--- a/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-ray.slang
+++ b/tests/hlsl-intrinsic/shader-execution-reordering/hit-object-trace-ray.slang
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // hit-object-trace-ray.slang
 
 //TEST:SIMPLE: -target dxil -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -DNV_SHADER_EXTN_SLOT=u0 
-//TEST:SIMPLE: -target glsl -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
+//TEST:SIMPLE(filecheck=SPIRV): -target spirv -entry rayGenerationMain -stage raygeneration -profile sm_6_5 -line-directive-mode none 
 
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-d3d12 -output-using-type -use-dxil -profile sm_6_6 -render-feature ray-query
 //DISABLE_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE:-vk -output-using-type -render-feature ray-query
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ void rayGenerationMain()
     uint rayContributionToHitGroupIndex = 0;
     uint multiplierForGeometryContributionToHitGroupIndex = 4;
     uint missShaderIndex = 0;
-
+    // SPIRV: OpHitObjectTraceRayNV
     HitObject hit = HitObject::TraceRay(scene, 
         rayFlags, 
         instanceInclusionMask, 
diff --git a/tests/language-feature/non-copyable-return.slang b/tests/language-feature/non-copyable-return.slang
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20330c5f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/language-feature/non-copyable-return.slang
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE(filecheck-buffer=CHECK): -shaderobj -output-using-type
+//TEST(compute):SIMPLE(filecheck=GLSL): -stage compute -entry computeMain -target glsl
+
+// Note: spirv_by_reference is only supported for passing opaque types, so this test won't produce
+// expected result on vulkan.
+//DISABLED_TEST(compute):COMPARE_COMPUTE(filecheck-buffer=CHECK): -vk -shaderobj -output-using-type
+
+[__NonCopyableType]
+struct MyType
+{
+    float x;
+    __init() { x = 1.0; }
+}
+
+MyType myFunc1(float y)
+{
+    __return_val = MyType();
+    __return_val.x += y;
+}
+
+MyType myFunc0(float x)
+{
+    return myFunc1(x + 1.0);
+}
+
+//TEST_INPUT:ubuffer(data=[0 0 0 0], stride=4):out,name=outputBuffer
+RWStructuredBuffer<float> outputBuffer;
+
+[numthreads(1, 1, 1)]
+void computeMain(int3 dispatchThreadID: SV_DispatchThreadID)
+{
+    let f = myFunc0(2.0);
+    // CHECK: 4.0
+    // GLSL: void myFunc1_0(float y{{.*}}, spirv_by_reference MyType_0 {{.*}})
+    // GLSL: void myFunc0_0(float x{{.*}}, spirv_by_reference MyType_0 {{.*}})
+    outputBuffer[0] = f.x;
+}
diff --git a/tests/pipeline/ray-tracing/trace-ray-inline.slang.hlsl b/tests/pipeline/ray-tracing/trace-ray-inline.slang.hlsl
index bf10cc2e1..4ed4c9966 100644
--- a/tests/pipeline/ray-tracing/trace-ray-inline.slang.hlsl
+++ b/tests/pipeline/ray-tracing/trace-ray-inline.slang.hlsl
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 #pragma pack_matrix(column_major)
+#ifdef SLANG_HLSL_ENABLE_NVAPI
+#include "nvHLSLExtns.h"
+#endif
+#pragma warning(disable: 3557)
 
 struct SLANG_ParameterGroup_C_0
 {
@@ -15,7 +19,6 @@ cbuffer C_0 : register(b0)
 {
     SLANG_ParameterGroup_C_0 C_0;
 }
-
 RaytracingAccelerationStructure myAccelerationStructure_0 : register(t0);
 
 RWStructuredBuffer<int > resultBuffer_0 : register(u0);
@@ -67,53 +70,41 @@ void myMiss_0(inout MyRayPayload_0 payload_4)
 void main(uint3 tid_0 : SV_DISPATCHTHREADID)
 {
     uint index_0 = tid_0.x;
-    RayQuery<int(512) > query_0;
-
     MyRayPayload_0 payload_5;
     payload_5.value_1 = int(-1);
-
     RayDesc ray_0 = { C_0.origin_0, C_0.tMin_0, C_0.direction_0, C_0.tMax_0 };
-
+    RayQuery<512U > query_0;
     query_0.TraceRayInline(myAccelerationStructure_0, C_0.rayFlags_0, C_0.instanceMask_0, ray_0);
-
     MyProceduralHitAttrs_0 committedProceduralAttrs_0;
-
     for(;;)
     {
-
         bool _S1 = query_0.Proceed();
-
         if(!_S1)
         {
-
             break;
         }
-
+        uint _S2 = query_0.CandidateType();
         MyProceduralHitAttrs_0 committedProceduralAttrs_1;
-        switch(query_0.CandidateType())
+        switch(_S2)
         {
         case 1U:
             {
                 MyProceduralHitAttrs_0 candidateProceduralAttrs_0;
                 candidateProceduralAttrs_0.value_0 = int(0);
-
                 float tHit_1 = 0.0;
-                bool _S2 = myProceduralIntersection_0(tHit_1, candidateProceduralAttrs_0);
-                if(_S2)
+                bool _S3 = myProceduralIntersection_0(tHit_1, candidateProceduralAttrs_0);
+                if(_S3)
                 {
-                    bool _S3 = myProceduralAnyHit_0(payload_5);
-                    if(_S3)
+                    bool _S4 = myProceduralAnyHit_0(payload_5);
+                    if(_S4)
                     {
                         query_0.CommitProceduralPrimitiveHit(tHit_1);
-                        MyProceduralHitAttrs_0 _S4 = candidateProceduralAttrs_0;
+                        MyProceduralHitAttrs_0 _S5 = candidateProceduralAttrs_0;
                         if(C_0.shouldStopAtFirstHit_0 != 0U)
                         {
                             query_0.Abort();
                         }
-                        else
-                        {}
-
-                        committedProceduralAttrs_1 = _S4;
+                        committedProceduralAttrs_1 = _S5;
                     }
                     else
                     {
@@ -128,20 +119,15 @@ void main(uint3 tid_0 : SV_DISPATCHTHREADID)
             }
         case 0U:
             {
-                bool _S5 = myTriangleAnyHit_0(payload_5);
-                if(_S5)
+                bool _S6 = myTriangleAnyHit_0(payload_5);
+                if(_S6)
                 {
                     query_0.CommitNonOpaqueTriangleHit();
                     if(C_0.shouldStopAtFirstHit_0 != 0U)
                     {
                         query_0.Abort();
                     }
-                    else
-                    {}
                 }
-                else
-                {}
-
                 committedProceduralAttrs_1 = committedProceduralAttrs_0;
                 break;
             }
@@ -151,11 +137,10 @@ void main(uint3 tid_0 : SV_DISPATCHTHREADID)
                 break;
             }
         }
-
         committedProceduralAttrs_0 = committedProceduralAttrs_1;
     }
-
-    switch(query_0.CommittedStatus())
+    uint _S7 = query_0.CommittedStatus();
+    switch(_S7)
     {
     case 1U:
         {