[CBP] Pointer frontend changes + groupshared pointer support (#7848)

Resolves #7628
Resolves: #8197

Primary Goals:
1. Add `Access` to pointer
2. AddressSpace::GroupShared support for pointers (SPIR-V)
3. Add `__getAddress()` to replace `&`
* `&` is not updated to `require(cpu)` since slangpy uses `&`. This
means we must: (1) merge PR; (2) replace `&` with `__getAddress()`; (3)
add `require(cpu)` to `&`

Changes:
* Added to `Ptr` the `Access` generic argument & logic (for
`Access::Read`).
* Moved the generic argument `AddressSpace` from `Ptr` to the end of the
type.
* Added pointer casting support between any `Ptr` as long as the
`AddressSpace` is the same
* Disallow globallycoherent T* and coherent T*
* Disallow const T*, T const*, and const T*
* Fixed .natvis display of `ConstantValue` `ValOperandNode`
* Support generic resolution of type-casted integers
* Added `VariablePointer` emitting for spirv + other minor logic needed
for groupshared pointers

Breaking Changes:
* Anyone using the `AddressSpace` of `Ptr` will now have to account for
the `Access` argument
* we disallow various syntax paired with `Ptr` and `T*`

---------

Co-authored-by: slangbot <186143334+slangbot@users.noreply.github.com>

1 files changed, 28 insertions, 11 deletions

diff --git a/source/slang/slang-ast-builder.cpp b/source/slang/slang-ast-builder.cpp
index a71abf570..5da4e9521 100644
--- a/source/slang/slang-ast-builder.cpp
+++ b/source/slang/slang-ast-builder.cpp
@@ -461,9 +461,17 @@ Type* ASTBuilder::getSpecializedBuiltinType(ArrayView<Val*> genericArgs, const c
     return rsType;
 }
 
-PtrType* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(Type* valueType, AddressSpace addrSpace)
+PtrType* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(Type* valueType, Val* accessQualifier, Val* addrSpace)
 {
-    return dynamicCast<PtrType>(getPtrType(valueType, addrSpace, "PtrType"));
+    return dynamicCast<PtrType>(getPtrType(valueType, accessQualifier, addrSpace, "PtrType"));
+}
+
+PtrType* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(
+    Type* valueType,
+    AccessQualifier accessQualifier,
+    AddressSpace addrSpace)
+{
+    return dynamicCast<PtrType>(getPtrType(valueType, accessQualifier, addrSpace, "PtrType"));
 }
 
 Type* ASTBuilder::getDefaultLayoutType()
@@ -489,11 +497,6 @@ Type* ASTBuilder::getScalarLayoutType()
     return getSpecializedBuiltinType({}, "ScalarDataLayoutType");
 }
 
-Type* ASTBuilder::getCLayoutType()
-{
-    return getSpecializedBuiltinType({}, "CDataLayoutType");
-}
-
 // Construct the type `Out<valueType>`
 OutType* ASTBuilder::getOutType(Type* valueType)
 {
@@ -505,9 +508,9 @@ InOutType* ASTBuilder::getInOutType(Type* valueType)
     return dynamicCast<InOutType>(getPtrType(valueType, "InOutType"));
 }
 
-RefType* ASTBuilder::getRefType(Type* valueType, AddressSpace addrSpace)
+RefType* ASTBuilder::getRefType(Type* valueType)
 {
-    return dynamicCast<RefType>(getPtrType(valueType, addrSpace, "RefType"));
+    return dynamicCast<RefType>(getPtrType(valueType, "RefType"));
 }
 
 ConstRefType* ASTBuilder::getConstRefType(Type* valueType)
@@ -528,13 +531,27 @@ PtrTypeBase* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(Type* valueType, char const* ptrTypeName)
 
 PtrTypeBase* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(
     Type* valueType,
-    AddressSpace addrSpace,
+    Val* accessQualifier,
+    Val* addrSpace,
     char const* ptrTypeName)
 {
-    Val* args[] = {valueType, getIntVal(getUInt64Type(), (IntegerLiteralValue)addrSpace)};
+    Val* args[] = {valueType, accessQualifier, addrSpace};
     return as<PtrTypeBase>(getSpecializedBuiltinType(makeArrayView(args), ptrTypeName));
 }
 
+PtrTypeBase* ASTBuilder::getPtrType(
+    Type* valueType,
+    AccessQualifier accessQualifier,
+    AddressSpace addrSpace,
+    char const* ptrTypeName)
+{
+    return as<PtrTypeBase>(getPtrType(
+        valueType,
+        getIntVal(getBuiltinType(BaseType::AccessQualifier), (IntegerLiteralValue)accessQualifier),
+        getIntVal(getBuiltinType(BaseType::AddressSpace), (IntegerLiteralValue)addrSpace),
+        ptrTypeName));
+}
+
 ArrayExpressionType* ASTBuilder::getArrayType(Type* elementType, IntVal* elementCount)
 {
     if (!elementCount)