Diagnostic for no type conformance + bug fix. (#1985)

* Diagnostic for no type conformance + bug fix.

* Fixes.

* Fix.

* Include heterogeneous example only with --enable-experimental-projects premake flag

Co-authored-by: Yong He <yhe@nvidia.com>
Co-authored-by: jsmall-nvidia <jsmall@nvidia.com>

11 files changed, 128 insertions, 237 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 9df009a6d..690392d5a 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -58,3 +58,5 @@ prelude/*.h.cpp
 /docs/Gemfile.lock
 /docs/Gemfile
 /source/slang/slang-stdlib-generated.h
+
+/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp b/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp
index 3f08af05f..b1fff29f6 100644
--- a/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp
+++ b/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp
@@ -1,180 +1 @@
-#include "../../prelude/slang-cpp-prelude.h"
-
-
-#ifdef SLANG_PRELUDE_NAMESPACE
-using namespace SLANG_PRELUDE_NAMESPACE;
-#endif
-
-Vector<uint32_t, 3> operator+(Vector<uint32_t, 3> a, Vector<uint32_t, 3> b)
-{
-    Vector<uint32_t, 3> r;
-    r.x = a.x + b.x;
-    r.y = a.y + b.y;
-    r.z = a.z + b.z;
-    return r;
-}
-
-Vector<uint32_t, 3> operator*(Vector<uint32_t, 3> a, Vector<uint32_t, 3> b)
-{
-    Vector<uint32_t, 3> r;
-    r.x = a.x * b.x;
-    r.y = a.y * b.y;
-    r.z = a.z * b.z;
-    return r;
-}
-
-Vector<uint32_t, 3> make_VecU3(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c)
-{
-    return Vector<uint32_t, 3>{ a, b, c};
-}
-
-void computeMain_wrapper(gfx_Device_0* device, Vector<uint32_t, 3> gridDims, 
-	RWStructuredBuffer<float> buffer)
-{
-	gfx_ShaderProgram_0* shaderProgram = loadShaderProgram_0(device, "computeMain", "shader");
-	gfx_TransientResourceHeap_0* transientHeap = buildTransientHeap_0(device);
-	gfx_PipelineState_0* pipelineState = buildPipelineState_0(device, shaderProgram);
-	gfx_ResourceView_0* bufferView = createBufferView_0(device, unconvertBuffer_0(buffer));
-	dispatchComputation_0(device, transientHeap, pipelineState, bufferView, gridDims.x, gridDims.y, gridDims.z);
-}
-
-#line 8 "../../../examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.slang"
-struct EntryPointParams_0
-{
-    RWStructuredBuffer<float> ioBuffer_0;
-};
-
-
-#line 21
-struct gfx_Device_0
-{
-};
-
-
-#line 22
-struct gfx_BufferResource_0
-{
-};
-
-
-#line 23
-struct gfx_ResourceView_0
-{
-};
-
-
-#line 8
-void _computeMain(void* _S1, void* entryPointParams_0, void* _S2)
-{
-
-#line 8
-    ComputeThreadVaryingInput* _S3 = (slang_bit_cast<ComputeThreadVaryingInput*>(_S1));
-
-    uint32_t tid_0 = (*(&_S3->groupID) * make_VecU3(4U, 1U, 1U) + *(&_S3->groupThreadID)).x;
-
-    float* _S4 = &(*(&(slang_bit_cast<EntryPointParams_0*>(entryPointParams_0))->ioBuffer_0))[tid_0];
-
-#line 12
-    float i_0 = *_S4;
-    bool _S5 = i_0 < 0.50000000000000000000f;
-
-#line 13
-    float _S6 = i_0 + i_0;
-
-#line 13
-    float _S7 = (F32_sqrt((i_0)));
-
-#line 13
-    float o_0 = _S5 ? _S6 : _S7;
-
-    float* _S8 = &(*(&(slang_bit_cast<EntryPointParams_0*>(entryPointParams_0))->ioBuffer_0))[tid_0];
-
-#line 15
-    *_S8 = o_0;
-    return;
-}
-
-
-#line 31
-gfx_Device_0* createDevice_0();
-
-gfx_BufferResource_0* createStructuredBuffer_0(gfx_Device_0* _0, FixedArray<float, 4> _1);
-
-
-gfx_ResourceView_0* createBufferView_0(gfx_Device_0* _0, gfx_BufferResource_0* _1);
-
-
-#line 4
-RWStructuredBuffer<float> convertBuffer_0(gfx_BufferResource_0* _0);
-
-
-#line 44
-void printInitialValues_0(FixedArray<float, 4> _0, int32_t _1);
-
-
-#line 50
-bool printOutputValues_0(gfx_Device_0* _0, gfx_BufferResource_0* _1, int32_t _2);
-
-
-
-
-bool executeComputation_0()
-{
-
-    FixedArray<float, 4> initialArray_0 = { 3.00000000000000000000f, -20.00000000000000000000f, -6.00000000000000000000f, 8.00000000000000000000f };
-
-
-    gfx_Device_0* _S9 = createDevice_0();
-    gfx_BufferResource_0* _S10 = createStructuredBuffer_0(_S9, initialArray_0);
-    gfx_ResourceView_0* _S11 = createBufferView_0(_S9, _S10);
-    Vector<uint32_t, 3> _S12 = make_VecU3(uint32_t(int(4)), uint32_t(int(1)), uint32_t(int(1)));
-    RWStructuredBuffer<float> _S13 = convertBuffer_0(_S10);
-
-#line 64
-    computeMain_wrapper(_S9, _S12, _S13);
-
-    printInitialValues_0(initialArray_0, int(4));
-    bool _S14 = printOutputValues_0(_S9, _S10, int(4));
-
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-// [numthreads(4, 1, 1)]
-SLANG_PRELUDE_EXPORT
-void computeMain_Thread(ComputeThreadVaryingInput* varyingInput, void* entryPointParams, void* globalParams)
-{
-    _computeMain(varyingInput, entryPointParams, globalParams);
-}
-// [numthreads(4, 1, 1)]
-SLANG_PRELUDE_EXPORT
-void computeMain_Group(ComputeVaryingInput* varyingInput, void* entryPointParams, void* globalParams)
-{
-    ComputeThreadVaryingInput threadInput = {};
-    threadInput.groupID = varyingInput->startGroupID;
-    for (uint32_t x = 0; x < 4; ++x)
-    {
-        threadInput.groupThreadID.x = x;
-        _computeMain(&threadInput, entryPointParams, globalParams);
-    }
-}
-// [numthreads(4, 1, 1)]
-SLANG_PRELUDE_EXPORT
-void computeMain(ComputeVaryingInput* varyingInput, void* entryPointParams, void* globalParams)
-{
-    ComputeVaryingInput vi = *varyingInput;
-    ComputeVaryingInput groupVaryingInput = {};
-    for (uint32_t z = vi.startGroupID.z; z < vi.endGroupID.z; ++z)
-    {
-        groupVaryingInput.startGroupID.z = z;
-        for (uint32_t y = vi.startGroupID.y; y < vi.endGroupID.y; ++y)
-        {
-            groupVaryingInput.startGroupID.y = y;
-            for (uint32_t x = vi.startGroupID.x; x < vi.endGroupID.x; ++x)
-            {
-                groupVaryingInput.startGroupID.x = x;
-                computeMain_Group(&groupVaryingInput, entryPointParams, globalParams);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
+// This is a placeholder. The contents will be generated during build.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/premake5.lua b/premake5.lua
index 2643a1b6c..57658d6d7 100644
--- a/premake5.lua
+++ b/premake5.lua
@@ -152,6 +152,14 @@ newoption {
      allowed     = { { "true", "True"}, { "false", "False" } }
   }
  
+newoption {
+    trigger     = "enable-experimental-projects",
+    description = "(Optional) If true include experimental projects in build.",
+    value       = "bool",
+    default     = "false",
+    allowed     = { { "true", "True"}, { "false", "False" } }
+ }
+
  buildLocation = _OPTIONS["build-location"]
  executeBinary = (_OPTIONS["execute-binary"] == "true")
  buildGlslang = (_OPTIONS["build-glslang"] == "true")
@@ -162,7 +170,7 @@ newoption {
  enableProfile = (_OPTIONS["enable-profile"] == "true")
  enableEmbedStdLib = (_OPTIONS["enable-embed-stdlib"] == "true")
  enableXlib = (_OPTIONS["enable-xlib"] == "true")
- 
+ enableExperimental = (_OPTIONS["enable-experimental-projects"] == "true")
  -- Determine the target info
 
  targetInfo = slangUtil.getTargetInfo()
@@ -672,16 +680,20 @@ newoption {
  example "cpu-hello-world"
      kind "ConsoleApp"
  
- example "heterogeneous-hello-world"
-     kind "ConsoleApp"
-     -- Additionally add slangc for compiling shader.cpp
-     links { "example-base", "slang", "gfx", "gfx-util", "slangc", "platform", "core" }
-     -- Generate shader.cpp from shader.slang
-     prebuildmessage ("Generating shader.cpp from shader.slang")
-     prebuildcommands {
-         "\"%{wks.location:lower()}/bin/" .. targetName .. "/%{cfg.buildcfg:lower()}/slangc\"  \"%{wks.location:lower()}/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.slang\" -o \"%{wks.location:lower()}/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp\" -heterogeneous -target cpp -target hlsl"
-     }
- 
+if enableExperimental then
+    -- TODO: Currently this project doesn't build on linux CI.
+    -- Need to fix so that we don't check in shader.cpp, which changes
+    -- everytime when it is generated on a different machine (contains absolute path)
+    example "heterogeneous-hello-world"
+        kind "ConsoleApp"
+        -- Additionally add slangc for compiling shader.cpp
+        links { "example-base", "slang", "gfx", "gfx-util", "slangc", "platform", "core" }
+        -- Generate shader.cpp from shader.slang
+        prebuildmessage ("Generating shader.cpp from shader.slang")
+        prebuildcommands {
+            "\"%{wks.location:lower()}/bin/" .. targetName .. "/%{cfg.buildcfg:lower()}/slangc\"  \"%{wks.location:lower()}/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.slang\" -o \"%{wks.location:lower()}/examples/heterogeneous-hello-world/shader.cpp\" -heterogeneous -target cpp -target hlsl"
+        }
+end
  -- Most of the other projects have more interesting configuration going
  -- on, so let's walk through them in order of increasing complexity.
  --
diff --git a/slang.sln b/slang.sln
index 1ac713f1c..75eff53aa 100644
--- a/slang.sln
+++ b/slang.sln
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "gpu-printing", "build\visua
 EndProject
 Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "hello-world", "build\visual-studio\hello-world\hello-world.vcxproj", "{010BE414-ED5B-CF56-16C0-BD18027062C0}"
 EndProject
-Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "heterogeneous-hello-world", "build\visual-studio\heterogeneous-hello-world\heterogeneous-hello-world.vcxproj", "{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}"
-EndProject
 Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "model-viewer", "build\visual-studio\model-viewer\model-viewer.vcxproj", "{2F8724C6-1BC3-2730-84D5-3F277030D04A}"
 EndProject
 Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "ray-tracing", "build\visual-studio\ray-tracing\ray-tracing.vcxproj", "{71AC0F50-5DFD-FA91-8661-E95372118EFB}"
@@ -241,18 +239,6 @@ Global
 		{010BE414-ED5B-CF56-16C0-BD18027062C0}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
 		{010BE414-ED5B-CF56-16C0-BD18027062C0}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
 		{010BE414-ED5B-CF56-16C0-BD18027062C0}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|aarch64.ActiveCfg = Debug aarch64|ARM
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|aarch64.Build.0 = Debug aarch64|ARM
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|aarch64.ActiveCfg = Release aarch64|ARM
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|aarch64.Build.0 = Release aarch64|ARM
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
 		{2F8724C6-1BC3-2730-84D5-3F277030D04A}.Debug|aarch64.ActiveCfg = Debug aarch64|ARM
 		{2F8724C6-1BC3-2730-84D5-3F277030D04A}.Debug|aarch64.Build.0 = Debug aarch64|ARM
 		{2F8724C6-1BC3-2730-84D5-3F277030D04A}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
@@ -449,7 +435,6 @@ Global
 		{37BED5B5-23FA-D81F-8C0C-F1167867813A} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
 		{57C81DD3-4304-213D-AC16-39349871C957} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
 		{010BE414-ED5B-CF56-16C0-BD18027062C0} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
-		{150CAA5A-0177-6A66-AA92-CFCB96DC2D49} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
 		{2F8724C6-1BC3-2730-84D5-3F277030D04A} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
 		{71AC0F50-5DFD-FA91-8661-E95372118EFB} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
 		{17BA8E32-034E-84DA-6C12-DE8E58C5BECC} = {EB5FC2C6-D72D-B6CC-C0C1-26F3AC2E9231}
diff --git a/source/slang/slang-diagnostic-defs.h b/source/slang/slang-diagnostic-defs.h
index 2add5792b..897aa9f6f 100644
--- a/source/slang/slang-diagnostic-defs.h
+++ b/source/slang/slang-diagnostic-defs.h
@@ -545,6 +545,8 @@ DIAGNOSTIC(51090, Error, cannotGenerateCodeForExternComponentType, "cannot gener
 DIAGNOSTIC(51091, Error, typeCannotBePlacedInATexture, "type '$0' cannot be placed in a texture.")
 DIAGNOSTIC(51092, Error, stageDoesntHaveInputWorld, "'$0' doesn't appear to have any input world")
 
+DIAGNOSTIC(50100, Error, noTypeConformancesFoundForInterface, "No type conformances are found for interface '$0'. Code generation for current target requires at least one implementation type present in the linkage.")
+
 DIAGNOSTIC(52000, Error, multiLevelBreakUnsupported, "control flow appears to require multi-level `break`, which Slang does not yet support")
 
 DIAGNOSTIC(52001, Warning, dxilNotFound, "dxil shared library not found, so 'dxc' output cannot be signed! Shader code will not be runnable in non-development environments.")
diff --git a/source/slang/slang-ir-generics-lowering-context.h b/source/slang/slang-ir-generics-lowering-context.h
index 78dd068b8..c875566b0 100644
--- a/source/slang/slang-ir-generics-lowering-context.h
+++ b/source/slang/slang-ir-generics-lowering-context.h
@@ -103,4 +103,28 @@ namespace Slang
     // Ptr(RTTIType).
     bool isTypeValue(IRInst* typeInst);
 
+    template<typename TFunc>
+    void workOnModule(SharedGenericsLoweringContext* sharedContext, const TFunc& func)
+    {
+        SharedIRBuilder* sharedBuilder = &sharedContext->sharedBuilderStorage;
+        sharedBuilder->module = sharedContext->module;
+        sharedBuilder->session = sharedContext->module->session;
+
+        sharedContext->addToWorkList(sharedContext->module->getModuleInst());
+
+        while (sharedContext->workList.getCount() != 0)
+        {
+            IRInst* inst = sharedContext->workList.getLast();
+
+            sharedContext->workList.removeLast();
+            sharedContext->workListSet.Remove(inst);
+
+            func(inst);
+
+            for (auto child = inst->getLastChild(); child; child = child->getPrevInst())
+            {
+                sharedContext->addToWorkList(child);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/source/slang/slang-ir-lower-generics.cpp b/source/slang/slang-ir-lower-generics.cpp
index 241827561..95046787a 100644
--- a/source/slang/slang-ir-lower-generics.cpp
+++ b/source/slang/slang-ir-lower-generics.cpp
@@ -117,6 +117,36 @@ namespace Slang
         cleanUpInterfaceTypes(sharedContext);
     }
 
+    void checkTypeConformanceExists(SharedGenericsLoweringContext* context)
+    {
+        HashSet<IRInst*> implementedInterfaces;
+
+        // Add all interface type that are implemented by at least one type to a set.
+        for (auto inst : context->module->getGlobalInsts())
+        {
+            if (inst->getOp() == kIROp_WitnessTable)
+            {
+                auto interfaceType = cast<IRWitnessTableType>(inst->getDataType())->getConformanceType();
+                implementedInterfaces.Add(interfaceType);
+            }
+        }
+        // Check if an interface type has any implementations.
+        workOnModule(context, [&](IRInst* inst)
+            {
+                if (auto lookupWitnessMethod = as<IRLookupWitnessMethod>(inst))
+                {
+                    auto witnessTableType = lookupWitnessMethod->getWitnessTable()->getDataType();
+                    auto interfaceType = cast<IRWitnessTableType>(witnessTableType)->getConformanceType();
+                    if (!implementedInterfaces.Contains(interfaceType))
+                    {
+                        context->sink->diagnose(interfaceType->sourceLoc, Diagnostics::noTypeConformancesFoundForInterface, interfaceType);
+                        // Add to set to prevent duplicate diagnostic messages.
+                        implementedInterfaces.Add(interfaceType);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+    }
+
     void lowerGenerics(
         TargetRequest*          targetReq,
         IRModule*               module,
@@ -127,6 +157,8 @@ namespace Slang
         sharedContext.module = module;
         sharedContext.sink = sink;
 
+        checkTypeConformanceExists(&sharedContext);
+
         // Replace all `makeExistential` insts with `makeExistentialWithRTTI`
         // before making any other changes. This is necessary because a parameter of
         // generic type will be lowered into `AnyValueType`, and after that we can no longer
diff --git a/source/slang/slang-ir-specialize-dynamic-associatedtype-lookup.cpp b/source/slang/slang-ir-specialize-dynamic-associatedtype-lookup.cpp
index 059531107..e2d321ed4 100644
--- a/source/slang/slang-ir-specialize-dynamic-associatedtype-lookup.cpp
+++ b/source/slang/slang-ir-specialize-dynamic-associatedtype-lookup.cpp
@@ -157,44 +157,30 @@ struct AssociatedTypeLookupSpecializationContext
     {
         if (inst->getRTTIOperand()->getDataType()->getOp() == kIROp_WitnessTableIDType)
         {
+            // If the operand is a witness table id, just return the operand.
             inst->replaceUsesWith(inst->getRTTIOperand());
             inst->removeAndDeallocate();
         }
-    }
-
-    template<typename TFunc>
-    void workOnModule(const TFunc& func)
-    {
-        SharedIRBuilder* sharedBuilder = &sharedContext->sharedBuilderStorage;
-        sharedBuilder->module = sharedContext->module;
-        sharedBuilder->session = sharedContext->module->session;
-
-        sharedContext->addToWorkList(sharedContext->module->getModuleInst());
-
-        while (sharedContext->workList.getCount() != 0)
+        else if (inst->getRTTIOperand()->getDataType()->getOp() == kIROp_VectorType)
         {
-            IRInst* inst = sharedContext->workList.getLast();
-
-            sharedContext->workList.removeLast();
-            sharedContext->workListSet.Remove(inst);
-
-            func(inst);
-            if (inst->getOp() == kIROp_lookup_interface_method)
-            {
-                processLookupInterfaceMethodInst(cast<IRLookupWitnessMethod>(inst));
-            }
-
-            for (auto child = inst->getLastChild(); child; child = child->getPrevInst())
-            {
-                sharedContext->addToWorkList(child);
-            }
+            // If the operand is a witness table, it is already replaced with a uint2
+            // at this point, where the first element in the uint2 is the id of the
+            // witneess table.
+            auto vectorType = inst->getRTTIOperand()->getDataType();
+            IRBuilder builder;
+            builder.sharedBuilder = &sharedContext->sharedBuilderStorage;
+            builder.setInsertBefore(inst);
+            UInt index = 0;
+            auto id = builder.emitSwizzle(as<IRVectorType>(vectorType)->getElementType(), inst->getRTTIOperand(), 1, &index);
+            inst->replaceUsesWith(id);
+            inst->removeAndDeallocate();
         }
     }
 
     void processModule()
     {
         // Replace all `lookup_interface_method():IRWitnessTable` with call to specialized functions.
-        workOnModule([this](IRInst* inst)
+        workOnModule(sharedContext, [this](IRInst* inst)
         {
             if (inst->getOp() == kIROp_lookup_interface_method)
             {
@@ -203,7 +189,7 @@ struct AssociatedTypeLookupSpecializationContext
         });
 
         // Replace all direct uses of IRWitnessTables with its sequential ID.
-        workOnModule([this](IRInst* inst)
+        workOnModule(sharedContext, [this](IRInst* inst)
         {
             if (inst->getOp() == kIROp_WitnessTable)
             {
@@ -252,7 +238,7 @@ struct AssociatedTypeLookupSpecializationContext
         }
 
         // `GetSequentialID(WitnessTableIDOperand)` becomes just `WitnessTableIDOperand`.
-        workOnModule([this](IRInst* inst)
+        workOnModule(sharedContext, [this](IRInst* inst)
         {
             if (inst->getOp() == kIROp_GetSequentialID)
             {
diff --git a/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang b/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ada4f663a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//DIAGNOSTIC_TEST:COMMAND_LINE_SIMPLE:-target hlsl -entry computeMain -stage compute -o no-type-conformance.hlsl
+// no type conformance linked
+
+interface IFoo
+{
+	float get();
+}
+
+void foo()
+{
+	IFoo obj;
+	obj.get();
+}
+
+[numthreads(1, 1, 1)]
+void computeMain(uint3       dispatchThreadID : SV_DispatchThreadID)
+{
+    foo();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang.expected b/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc38fa7f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+result code = -1
+standard error = {
+tests/diagnostics/no-type-conformance.slang(4): error 50100: No type conformances are found for interface 'IFoo'. Code generation for current target requires at least one implementation type present in the linkage.
+interface IFoo
+          ^~~~
+}
+standard output = {
+}
diff --git a/tools/gfx/d3d12/render-d3d12.cpp b/tools/gfx/d3d12/render-d3d12.cpp
index 4d5dfda80..8029826a3 100644
--- a/tools/gfx/d3d12/render-d3d12.cpp
+++ b/tools/gfx/d3d12/render-d3d12.cpp
@@ -3844,7 +3844,7 @@ Result D3D12Device::TransientResourceHeapImpl::createCommandBuffer(ICommandBuffe
 Result D3D12Device::PipelineCommandEncoder::_bindRenderState(Submitter* submitter, RefPtr<PipelineStateBase>& newPipeline)
 {
     RootShaderObjectImpl* rootObjectImpl = &m_commandBuffer->m_rootShaderObject;
-    m_renderer->maybeSpecializePipeline(m_currentPipeline, rootObjectImpl, newPipeline);
+    SLANG_RETURN_ON_FAIL(m_renderer->maybeSpecializePipeline(m_currentPipeline, rootObjectImpl, newPipeline));
     PipelineStateBase* newPipelineImpl = static_cast<PipelineStateBase*>(newPipeline.Ptr());
     auto commandList = m_d3dCmdList;
     auto pipelineTypeIndex = (int)newPipelineImpl->desc.type;